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沙尘模式

已有 114 次阅读2023-6-8 10:16

云中和云下清除

Scavenging signifies the capture of aerosols by water droplets or ice crystals. This can take place in-cloud, or below the cloud as droplets rain out. Scavenging leads to wet deposition.

清除作用意味着水滴或冰晶捕获气溶胶。这可能发生在云内,或云下,因为雨滴下雨。清除导致湿沉积。

When airborne particles have the size of cloud condensation nuclei (typically a few hundred nanometers), water vapour may condense onto them and cloud droplets are formed. These droplets scavenge aerosols (including nanoparticles) in the cloud, with particular efficiency in the case of smaller aerosol particles. One should note that in the cloud water, gases may be taken up and chemical reactions may alter the chemical composition of aerosols. 

当空气中的颗粒有云凝结核大小(通常为几百纳米)时,水蒸气可能会凝结在上面,形成云滴。这些水滴清除云中的气溶胶(包括纳米颗粒) ,对于较小的气溶胶颗粒尤其有效。人们应该注意到,在云水中,气体可能被吸收,化学反应可能改变气溶胶的化学成份。 

When they have attained a certain size, formed droplets may rain out, which constitutes an efficient removal mechanism of particles (including nanoparticles) from clouds. Falling droplets may also scavenge aerosols below the cloud. This scavenging is most efficient for very small and very large aerosols, with a minimum efficiency in the range 0.1-1 µm.
 

当它们达到一定的大小,形成的水滴可能会下雨,这构成了一个有效的去除机制的颗粒(包括纳米颗粒)从云。下落的水滴也可能清除云层下面的气溶胶。这种清除作用对于非常小和非常大的气溶胶是最有效的,最小效率在0.1 -1微米范围内。  

沉降

There is also the chemdiag option (see user's guide) that can give you
information on the change in mixing ratio due to gas chemistry,
advection, convective transport, vertical mixing and dry deposition.
However, this is done for just a few trace gases: CO, O3, NO, NO2, HNO3,
isoprene, OH, and HO2. If you want another trace gas tracked, you could
edit chem_driver.F and solve_em.F, and substitute another trace gas for
one of the one's in the list above. If you prefer to add trace gases,
then you would need to add similar arrays to the registry.chem, and in
chem_driver.F and solve_em.F. These tendency terms have been used in a
few WRF-Chem publications initially with Barth et al. ACP (2012).


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