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本帖最后由 hillside 于 2014-5-1 11:05 编辑
http://ismn.geo.tuwien.ac.at/ismn/
国际土壤湿度网络(The International Soil Moisture Network)及其成员介绍
The International Soil Moisture Network is an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in-situ soil moisture database. This database is an essential means of the geoscientific community for validating and improving global satellite observations and land surface models. Soil moisture, which is the water stored in the upper soil layer, is a crucial parameter for a large number of applications, including numerical weather prediction, flood forecasting, agricultural drought assessment, water resources management, greenhouse gas accounting, civil protection, and epidemiological modeling of water borne diseases. Therefore, the societal benefits of the International Soil Moisture Network are expected to be large.
This international initiative is coordinated by the Global Energy and Water Exchanges Project (GEWEX) in cooperation with the Group of Earth Observation (GEO) and the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS). The International Soil Moisture Network has been made possible through the voluntary contributions of scientists and networks from around the world. The International Soil Moisture Network is operated in cooperation with the Global Soil Moisture Databank of the Rutgers University.
Global Energy and Water Exchange Project
Working Group: International Soil Moisture Working Group
Contact: Peter van Oevelen
Website: http://www.gewex.org
Task: International coordination
Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
Group: Land Product Validation team for soil moisture
Contact: Tom Jackson and Wolfgang Wagner
Website: http://lpvs.gsfc.nasa.gov
Task: Coordination of global validation activities and development of best practice guidelines for soil moisture validation
European Space Agency
Project: Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS)
Contact: Klaus Scipal and Susanne Mecklenburg
Website: http://www.esa.int
Task: Sponsor of the design and implementation and the first operations phase of the ISMN, in the first place to support Cal/Val of remotely sensed soil moisture products, in particular SMOS
Vienna University of Technology
Unit: Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation - Research Group Remote Sensing
Contact: Wouter Dorigo and Wolfgang Wagner
Website: http://rs.geo.tuwien.ac.at
Task: Development and maintenance of data hosting facility and website
Group on Earth Observations
Theme: Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO), Task WA-08-01a (Soil moisture)
Website: http://www.earthobservations.org
Task: Integration of data hosting facility in global water cycle observing systems
Rutgers University
Unit: Department of Environmental Sciences
Contact: Alan Robock
Website: http://envsci.rutgers.edu
Task: Integration of Global Soil Moisture Databank
国际土壤湿度网络是国际性合作网络,有较强的权威性。不过,实测性资料往往年代较旧,中国境内的站点较少、时间也较旧。以下对中国境内的情况进行了截屏。
大致看来,主要是绘制了一些变化曲线,可以选择不同层次进行查看。至于是否有数据提供直接下载我尚不清楚。
中国北方有较多站点,南方非常少。江苏仅有镇江一个点。
江苏镇江的土壤湿度图(1998.12-1999.12)
下面转述一段学术研究者交流网站—Researchgate.net中关于“土壤湿度来源”的网友问答(提问者为中国科学院一研究人员),由此可以了解一些国际情况:
http://www.researchgate.net/post/How_can_I_get_the_soil_moisture_products_freely_online
Question
How can I get the soil moisture products freely online?
Where can I get the soil moisture products feely online? I'v been confused by the question for a long time. It will be very kind of you who can provide me some useful information about soil moisture data derived from remote sensing .
Feb 18, 2012
TOPICSPOPULAR ANSWERS
ALL ANSWERS (9)
Mohammad Firoz Khan · Jamia Millia Islamia
I don't know from where one may get the product you are seeking after. However, you can develop it yourself by analysing surface reflectance on remotely sense images and establishing relationship with the facts obtained through ground truths of the period of the images. This information with associated information as land use land-cover may be generalised over a large area.
Feb 18, 2012
Yuting Zhou · Chinese Academy of Sciences
Thank you for your reply. I agree with you that soil moisture can be derived from remote sensing data. But I don't know much more about the algorithm.Can you give me some ariticles concluding retrieval algorithm of soil moisture. In addition the remote sensing images are required to be free.
Feb 20, 2012
Sivarajan Radhakrishnan · French Institute of Pondicherry
Check the EU soils - you might get sth
Feb 21, 2012
Mohammad Firoz Khan · Jamia Millia Islamia
Dear Yuting ,
O.K. for your consideration I am giving below two references in which the authors have developed robust methodology. May be these prove helpful.
1. Narendra N. Das and Binayak P. Mohanty (2006), Root Zone Soil Moisture Assessment Using Remote Sensing and Vadose Zone Modeling, Vadose Zone Journal, 5:296–307 (Free downloadable).
2. Ravi Kothari and Shafiqul Islam (1999), Communications- Spatial Characterization of Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture Data Using Self Organizing Feature Maps, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 37 (2): 1162-65
Feb 22, 2012
Molly Brown · NASA
Most soil moisture data available now is modeled, not observed information. Data assimilation system take atmospheric and land information and use it to estimate the last time a particular place had rainfall and with the temperature, calculates how wet the soil is likely to be. Few observations are used in these estimates.
Here are a few links
NASA GMAO office's MERRA model
http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/pubs/docs/Yi437.pdf
Global Land Data assimilation System (GLDAS) soil moisture
http://ldas.gsfc.nasa.gov/gldas/
Over africa, there is 'moisture index' from models from USGS
http://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/africa/index.php
Mar 12, 2012
Luca Brocca · National Research Council
Nowadays, satellite soil moisture products from ASCAT, AMSR-E and MIRAS (SMOS) sensors are freely available. Data have spatial resolution of 25 km and daily coverage.
ASCAT: http://www.eumetsat.int/Home/Main/News/Features/708786
AMSRE:http://nsidc.org/data/docs/daac/ae_land3_l3_soil_moisture.gd.html
MIRAS (SMOS): http://www.esa.int/esaMI/smos/
Moreover, also in situ observations of soil moisture are freely available via the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN).
ISMN is an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in-situ soil moisture database. This database is an essential means of the geoscientific community for validating and improving global satellite observations and land surface models (http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/insitu/).
Here is some references:
Dorigo, W.A., Wagner, W., Hohensinn, R., Hahn, S., Paulik, C., Xaver, A., Gruber, A., Drusch, M., Mecklenburg, S., van Oevelen, P., Robock, A., and Jackson, T., Jackson, T. (2011), "The International Soil Moisture Network: A data hosting facility for global in situ soil moisture measurements", Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15 (5), pp. 1675-1698.
Van doninck, J., Peters, J., Lievens, H., De Baets, B., and Verhoest, N. E. C.: Accounting for seasonality in a soil moisture change detection algorithm for ASAR Wide Swath time series, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 773-786, doi:10.5194/hess-16-773-2012, 2012.
Parrens, M., Zakharova, E., Lafont, S., Calvet, J.C., Kerr, Y., Wagner, W., & Wigneron, J.P. (2012). Comparing soil moisture retrievals from SMOS and ASCAT over France. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 16, 423-440
Albergel, C., de Rosnay, P., Gruhier, C., Muñoz-Sabater, J., Hasenauer, S., Isaksen, L., Kerr, Y., Wagner, W. (2012), "Evaluation of remotely sensed and modelled soil moisture products using global ground-based in situ observations", Remote Sensing of Environment 118, pp. 215-226.
Brocca L., Hasenauer, S., Lacava, T., Melone, F., Moramarco, T., Wagner, W., Dorigo, W., Matgen, P., Martínez-Fernández, J., Llorens, P., Latron, J., Martin, C., Bittelli, M. (2011), "Soil Moisture estimation through ASCAT ans AMSR-E sensors: An intercomparison and validation study across Europe", Remote Sensing of Environment 115, pp.3390-3408.
Apr 6, 2012
Imtiaz Dharssi · Bureau of Meteorology
You can also download Level 3 and 4 SMOS surface soil moisture from the CATDS (Centre Aval de Traitement et des Données SMOS) website.
http://www.catds.fr/Data/Official-Products-from-CPDC
I also found this recent article about Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) on the SMOS blog interesting:
http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/SMOS_blog/?p=3381&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=outburst-of-anger
Sep 26, 2012
Luca Brocca · National Research Council
To complete the picture, you can also find the WindSat (polarimetric radiometer) Global Surface Soil Moisture product at this link:
http://geobrain.laits.gmu.edu/windsat/index.jsp
Sep 26, 2012
关于维也纳技术大学国际土壤湿度产品的中文报道摘录
http://www.ceode.cas.cn/qysm/qydt/201207/t20120702_3607316.html
欧洲科学家通过卫星数据测量1978~2010年全球土壤水分数据
文章来源: 发布时间: 2012-07-02
全球气候的未来取决于各种参数,如云的密度或南极冰盖的质量。这些重要气候参数之一是土壤水分,这个数据是很难在全球范围来测量的。现在,欧空局(ESA)与维也纳科技大学摄影测量与遥感学院、阿姆斯特丹自由大学合作,提供一组数据,其中包含从1978年到2010年全球的土壤水分数据。数据是通过对卫星数据广泛的数学分析而来。 图:2010年6月至8月土壤水分异常
变暖的气候改变土壤水分 尽管土壤水分仅为地球上发现的总水量的约0.001%,但对气候系统来说是一个关键的因素。维也纳技术大学沃尔夫冈·瓦格纳教授说,“气候和土壤水分之间的关系还没有被充分的了解。因为迄今为止, 还不能得到长期可靠的数据。” 预测全球变暖的后果之一在于,气候变暖将导致蒸发率较高,因此在一些地区的土壤干燥。而干燥的土壤本身将加热地表附近的空气。 这种正反馈机制,从而可能增加一些极端热浪,类似那些2003年发生在西欧的经历和2010年在俄罗斯的经历。另一方面,热空气可以容纳更多的水,导致一些地区的降水增加。“气候变化的影响,因地区而不同” ,沃尔夫冈·瓦格纳说,“这使得获得长期可靠的全球数据,显得尤安重要。 ”
来自空间的微波 利用微波辐射卫星可以测量土壤水分。不同于可见光,微波​​可以穿透云层。卫星可以测量地球的天然微波辐射来计算当地的土壤水分被动测量或卫星也可发出微波脉冲和接收地表反射的脉冲强度进行测量(主动测量)。 多年来,各种不同的测量方法的卫星已被使用。 “几十年来,从这些非常不同的数据集提取可靠的土壤水分数据,一直是一个很大的挑战” ,沃尔夫冈·瓦格纳说。 为了解决目前缺乏长期的土壤水分数据,欧空局一直支持发展一个全球性的土壤水分系统来统筹合并处理一系列的欧洲和美国的卫星所获得的测量数据。 现在,欧空局很高兴地宣布其发布的第一个土壤湿度数据记录跨越1978年到2010年期间。这个数据记录由主动微波观测和被动微波观测两个土壤水分数据集,经由合并产生。 主动微波观测数据集由维也纳大学(维也纳科技大学)基于安装在卫星ERS-1 , ERS -2和METOP-A(气象业务)的C波段散射仪观测数据处理生成。
技术挑战 这些数据的统筹处理,旨在协调采取两个微波技术的优势。但仍然面临的挑战。例如,任务规范的潜在影响,传感器退化,校准漂移,算法变化等,必须尽可能准确核算在内。 此外,必须保证来自不同的主动和被动微波仪器的土壤水分数据基本一致。由于这是首次发布这样的产品,并非所有的数据警告和限制都被理解。 因此,它将需要遥感和气候模型团体的积极合作,共同验证卫星和模型数据,并在这两个领域前进的道路上推进科学的发展。
如需获取更多资料, 请浏览: 资料提供: 中国科学院对地观测与数字地球科学中心 中国科学院成都文献情报中心
注:上文中的“维也纳技术大学”、“维也纳大学(维也纳科技大学)”应当是“维也纳技术大学”的不同译法,准确译法应是“维也纳技术大学”。
以下为转载自“豆瓣”遥感俱乐部的网文
http://site.douban.com/236821/widget/notes/16529239/note/347089245/
【原创技术贴】土壤含水量实测数据哪里下
2014-04-24 09:54:27
这篇是小编自己总结的,土壤含水量实测数据的下载方式。供有需要的童鞋们参考。祝大家科研顺利 :)
1. 【重点推荐】International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN)
人家官网上介绍的是:ISMN is an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in-situ soil moisture database. This database is an essential means of the geoscientific community for validating and improving global satellite observations and land surface models (http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/insitu/).
但这个网站上中国的数据只有新疆和甘肃的玛曲县有
1)2000-2014年的实测数据,中国的新疆和甘肃玛曲县
但欧洲和美洲非常多
2)尝试下载:
(1).首先要注册,才可以下载
(2).下载后的文件是以站点命名的压缩包
(3).解压后里面是细节都在命名里体现了出来
2.European Soil Database(提供欧洲土壤性质标准数据)
1).下载地址http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/ESDB/Index.htm
2).下载地址http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/OnLine_Data.cfm
3. 中国寒区旱区科学数据中心
http://westdc.westgis.ac.cn/data/tag/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%86
1)截取了一段数据的介绍:
2008年6月27日,在临泽草地加密观测区样方A(芦苇地),样方B(盐碱地),样方D(苜蓿地)和样方E(大麦地)开展了ALOS PALSAR数据的地面同步观测。
ALOS PALSAR数据为FBD模式,HH/HV极化组合方式,过境时间约为23:41BJT。主要观测变量为土壤水分。本数据可为发展和验证主动微波遥感反演土壤水分和土壤盐分算法提供基本的地面数据集。
本数据观测在120m×120m,6Grid×6Grid样方内展开。观测内容为:样方A和样方B采用环刀取土经烘干获得重量含水量、体积含水量及土壤容重;针式温度计获得0-5cm平均土壤温度;样方D和样方E采用POGO便携式土壤传感器获得土壤温度、土壤水分、损耗正切、土壤电导率、土壤复介电常数实部及虚部;针式温度计获得0-5cm平均土壤温度;并采用环刀取土经烘干获得重量含水量、体积含水量及土壤容重。
2)包含的土壤含水量数据有:
(1).黑河排露沟流域2800m2011-2013年海拔青海云杉林土壤水分数据集
(2).黑河排露沟流域2800m2012-2013年海拔青海云杉林土壤水分数据集
(3).黑河祁连山天老池流域2013年土壤水分数据集
(4).黑河下游土壤水分数据
4.中国气象数据共享网
http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/home.do
1)有北京通县和密云的土壤相对湿度(%)
(1).只有两个站点
(2).时间从1991-2010年
(3).深度有10cm,20cm,50cm和70cm
5. 地球系统科学数据共享网
基本为黄土高原。年份太早了。九几年。且不知道测点深度
1).黄土高原沟壑区旱作水分产量潜势与水肥效应研究(长武站,1986年-1995年)
http://loess.geodata.cn/Portal/metadata/viewMetadata.jsp?id=712100-4
2).黄土高原土壤水分研究数据集(1960-2000年)
http://loess.geodata.cn/Portal/metadata/viewMetadata.jsp?id=712100-10022
3).2004年-2007年长武生态站黄土高原陆气相互作用的野外观测数据
http://loess.geodata.cn/Portal/metadata/viewMetadata.jsp?id=712100-10000
6. 中科院资源环境共享网:
http://www.igsnrr.ac.cn/
7. 国外USGS
http://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/africa/web/imgbrowsc2.php
非洲的SWI,2013.3—2014.3。是一个面状图。
8. 各种超级粗分辨率的土壤水分卫星影像(微波)
Nowadays, satellite soil moisture products from ASCAT, AMSR-E and MIRAS (SMOS) sensors are freely available. Data have spatial resolution of 25 km and daily coverage.
ASCAT: http://www.eumetsat.int/Home/Main/News/Features/708786
AMSRE: http://nsidc.org/data/docs/daac/ae_land3_l3_soil_moisture.gd.html
MIRAS (SMOS): http://www.esa.int/esaMI/smos/
• You can also download Level 3 and 4 SMOS surface soil moisture from the CATDS (Centre Aval de Traitement et des Données SMOS) website.
http://www.catds.fr/Data/Official-Products-from-CPDC
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