關於python GDAL 的 gdal_translate 和 gdalwarp

dragonphy

分享一個一直以來轉換數據的好幫手，歡迎各位大佬補充和糾正！

1.      如何安裝？

由於 GDAL 似乎與 Spyder 相衝突，因此需專門為 GDAL 創造子環境：

condacreate --name gdal_test_working -c conda-forge python=xxx gdal

$ condaactivate gdal_test_working

(gdal_test_working) $

2.      萬能的數據格式轉換工具 ─ gdal_translate (https://gdal.org/programs/gdal_translate.html#gdal-translate)

Example 1 將 GeoTiff 轉換成 HDF5：

(gdal_test_working)$ gdal_translate -of HDF4Image 路徑/源文件.tif 路徑/新文件.hdf

$ 路徑/h4h5tools/bin/h4toh5convert 路徑/新文件.hdf 路徑/目標文件.h5

[說明]：這裡需另外安裝h4h5tools

Example 2轉換時只複製源數據的一部分 (裁剪數據)：

(gdal_test_working)$ gdal_translate -of netCDF -ot UInt16 -projwin 94.45 29.7255 94.95 29.275-projwin_srs ‘+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs’ 路徑/源文件.tif 路徑/目標文件.nc

[說明]：-prowin 是以絕對座標表達 (xlow yhigh xhigh ylow)，坐標系投影可用-prowin_srs指定。另外，用網格相對位置表達 -srcwin (xoff yoff xsize ysize) 前兩項是距左上角的偏移量，後兩項是選取矩形的寬度和高度以網格數為單位。-ot UInt16表示輸出數據類型為無正負符號2字節的整數。

3.      轉換數據的投影、坐標系等的實用工具 ─ gdalwarp (https://gdal.org/programs/gdalwarp.html)

Example3 等經緯度插值成等距的數據 (lonlat to UTM)：

(gdal_test_working)$ gdalwarp -t_srs ‘+proj=utm +zone=46 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs’ -tr 30 30 -r bilinear 路徑/源文件.tif 路徑/目標文件.tif

[說明]：

a)  -t_srs 是目標轉換的空間參考。 proj4語法說明 (https://proj.org/usage/projections.html) >>>  +proj 投影名稱 (=longlat or utm) ；+zone UTM分區 (如果是南半球需多寫 +south)；+units 以公尺(m)為單位；+datum 大地水準面名稱 (=WGS84)；+ellps 橢球坐標系名稱。你也可以去查 EPSG，例如以上例子的UTM zone 46N 也可表達為 EPSG:32646，EPSG不需要引號。

b)  -r bilinear 表示插值採用雙線性、-tr 30 30 表示水平分辨率為30 m。

GDAL支持的數據格式 (任何兩者之間皆可轉換，-of 填寫目標格式的簡稱)：

  VRT: Virtual Raster

  GTiff: GeoTIFF

  NITF: National Imagery Transmission Format

  HFA: Erdas Imagine Images (.img)

  ELAS: ELAS

  AAIGrid: Arc/Info ASCII Grid

  DTED: DTED Elevation Raster

  PNG: Portable Network Graphics

  JPEG: JPEG JFIF

  MEM: In Memory Raster

  GIF: Graphics Interchange Format (.gif)

  FITS: Flexible Image Transport System

  XPM: X11 PixMap Format

  BMP: MS Windows Device Independent Bitmap

  PCIDSK: PCIDSK Database File

  PCRaster: PCRaster Raster File

  ILWIS: ILWIS Raster Map

  SGI: SGI Image File Format 1.0

  SRTMHGT: SRTMHGT File Format

  Leveller: Leveller heightfield

  Terragen: Terragen heightfield

  GMT: GMT NetCDF Grid Format

  netCDF: Network Common Data Format

  HDF4Image: HDF4 Dataset

  ISIS3: USGS Astrogeology ISIS cube (Version3)

  ISIS2: USGS Astrogeology ISIS cube (Version2)

  PDS4: NASA Planetary Data System 4

  ERS: ERMapper .ers Labelled

  JP2OpenJPEG: JPEG-2000 driver based onOpenJPEG library

  FIT: FIT Image

  GRIB: GRIdded Binary (.grb, .grb2)

  RMF: Raster Matrix Format

  WMS: OGC Web Map Service

  RST: Idrisi Raster A.1

  INGR: Intergraph Raster

  GSAG: Golden Software ASCII Grid (.grd)

  GSBG: Golden Software Binary Grid (.grd)

  GS7BG: Golden Software 7 Binary Grid (.grd)

  R: R Object Data Store

  KMLSUPEROVERLAY: Kml Super Overlay

  PDF: Geospatial PDF

  Rasterlite: Rasterlite

  MBTiles: MBTiles

  CALS: CALS (Type 1)

  WMTS: OGC Web Map Tile Service

  MRF: Meta Raster Format

  TileDB: TileDB

  PNM: Portable Pixmap Format (netpbm)

  PAux: PCI .aux Labelled

  MFF: Vexcel MFF Raster

  MFF2: Vexcel MFF2 (HKV) Raster

  BT: VTP .bt (Binary Terrain) 1.3 Format

  LAN: Erdas .LAN/.GIS

  IDA: Image Data and Analysis

  LCP: FARSITE v.4 Landscape File (.lcp)

  GTX: NOAA Vertical Datum .GTX

  NTv2: NTv2 Datum Grid Shift

  CTable2: CTable2 Datum Grid Shift

  KRO: KOLOR Raw

  ROI_PAC: ROI_PAC raster

  RRASTER: R Raster

  BYN: Natural Resources Canada's Geoid

  ARG: Azavea Raster Grid format

  USGSDEM: USGS Optional ASCII DEM (and CDED)

  KEA: KEA Image Format (.kea)

  BAG: Bathymetry Attributed Grid

  NWT_GRD: Northwood Numeric Grid Format.grd/.tab

  ADRG: ARC Digitized Raster Graphics

  BLX: Magellan topo (.blx)

  PostGISRaster: PostGIS Raster driver

  SAGA: SAGA GIS Binary Grid (.sdat, .sg-grd-z)

  XYZ: ASCII Gridded XYZ

  HF2: HF2/HFZ heightfield raster

  ZMap: ZMap Plus Grid

  SIGDEM: Scaled Integer Gridded DEM .sigdem

  GPKG: GeoPackage

  NGW: NextGIS Web

ENVI: ENVI .hdr Labelled (header file .hdr and binary file .bil, .flt or .bin)

  EHdr: ESRI .hdr Labelled

  ISCE: ISCE raster

dragonphy

MSBFIRST means Most Significant Byte First, and is also known as being "big-endian". Other terms are "Motorola-order" and occasionally "network order".
LSBFIRST is Least Significant Byte First, also known as "little-endian". It is also known as Intel-order.

松糕鱼

请问在投影转换的时候，没有语法错误，按照要求写，但是无法生成新的tiff文件是为什么呢