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本帖最后由 hillside 于 2014-2-23 20:54 编辑
开放与共享是社会发展的主要动力之一，下面介绍几份开放性地学、水文、气候、土壤期刊。因为未做专门搜索，只能抛砖引玉了。 对水文、气象、气候类电子开放期刊的全貌，我所知不多。 我个人印象，HESS的论文质量是有一定保证的，可能是值得一读的，它也部分地代表了一个期刊发展的未来趋势。气候期刊中的《Climate — Open Access Journal》也是开放性期刊之一，但我尚没有阅读，所以暂不予置评。
一、 Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics (NPG)
An Interactive Open Access Journal of the European Geosciences Union
http://www.nonlinear-processes-in-geophysics.net/home.html
Devoted to nonlinearity research in all areas of Earth, atmospheric and planetary sciences.
NPG manuscript submission has been closed for new submissions on 18 December 2013 due to the transition into an interactive journal. We welcome new submissions from 2 January 2014. Thank you very much for your understanding! (Further Information)Open Access – Personalized Copyright under a Creative Commons License – Moderate Article Processing Charges Indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science) , Scopus , ADS , Current Contents , GeoRef and J-Gate . Included in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) as well as in the Bodleian Library (UK) , Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek (D) and Library of Congress (USA) . Long-term e-archived in Portico and CLOCKSS . Aims and ScopeNonlinear Processes in Geophysics (NPG) is an international, interdisciplinary journal for the publication of original research furthering knowledge on nonlinear processes in all branches of Earth, planetary and solar system sciences. The editors encourage submissions that apply nonlinear analysis methods to both models and data. The journal maintains sections for research articles, review articles, brief communications, comments and replies, and book reviews, as well as "Special Issues".
Issuing BodyNonlinear Processes in Geophysics (NPG) is published by the Copernicus GmbH (Copernicus Publications) on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU) and the American Geophysical Union (AGU). NPG
ISSN 1023-5809
eISSN 1607-7946
http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net
二、《地球系统科学数据》期刊 http://www.earth-system-science-data.net/
Earth System Science Data (ESSD)
Chief Editors: David Carlson & Hans PfeiffenbergerEarth System Science Data (ESSD) is an international, interdisciplinary journal for the publication of articles on original research data(sets), furthering the reuse of high (reference) quality data of benefit to Earth System Sciences. The editors encourage submissions on original data or data collections which are of sufficient quality and potential impact to contribute to these aims.
The journal maintains sections for regular length articles, brief communications (e.g., on additions to datasets) and commentary, as well as review articles and "Special Issues".
Articles in the data section may pertain to the planning, instrumentation and execution of experiments or collection of data. Any interpretation of data is outside the scope of regular articles. Articles on methods describe nontrivial statistical and other methods employed, e.g. to filter, normalize or convert raw data to primary, published data, as well as nontrivial instrumentation or operational methods. Any comparison to other methods is out of scope of regular articles.
Review articles may compare methods or relative merits of datasets, the fitness of individual methods or datasets for specific purposes or how combinations might be used as more complex methods or reference data collections.
Earth System Science Data has an innovative two-stage publication process involving the scientific discussion forum Earth System Science Data Discussions (ESSDD), which has been designed to:
- foster scientific discussion;
- maximise the effectiveness and transparency of scientific quality assurance;
- enable rapid publication of new scientific results;
- make scientific publications freely accessible.
In the first stage, papers that pass a rapid access peer-review are immediately published on the Earth System Science Data Discussions (ESSDD) website. They are then subject to Interactive Public Discussion, during which the referees' comments (anonymous or attributed), additional short comments by other members of the scientific community (attributed) and the authors' replies are also published in ESSDD. In the second stage, the peer-review process is completed and, if accepted, the final revised papers are published in ESSD. To ensure publication precedence for authors, and to provide a lasting record of scientific discussion, ESSDD and ESSD are both ISSN-registered, permanently archived and fully citable.
Earth System Science Data also offers an efficient new way of publishing special issues, in which the individual papers are published as soon as available and linked electronically (for more information see Special Issues).
三、一份开放水文学杂志： 《Hydrology and Earth System Sciences》http://www.hydrology-and-earth-system-sciences.net/home.html后期重要更正：当初发表此帖时我误以为这仅是一般的开放杂志，原来发现是影响因子并不低的SCI杂志，但杂志风格很亲民、可以看到评审专家意见与作者的答辩与修改说明，但据称录用难度并不低。
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS)Executive Editors: Hubert H.G.
Savenije, Jesús Carrera & Erwin Zehe
Open Access – Public Peer-Review & Interactive Public Discussion – Personalized Copyright under a Creative Commons License – Moderate Article Processing Charges Indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science) , Scopus , ADS , Chemical Abstracts , Current Contents , GeoRef , Google Scholar and J-Gate . Included in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) as well as in the Bodleian Library (UK) , Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek (D) and Library of Congress (USA) . Long-term e-archived in Portico and CLOCKSS .
Aims and ScopeHydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS) is an international two-stage open access journal for the publication of original research in hydrology, placed within a holistic Earth System Science context. The discussion and peer-review of submitted papers are handled in the open access discussion journal HESSD. Final papers, upon acceptance, appear in HESS (see Review Process under the heading Review). HESS encourages and supports fundamental and applied research that seeks to understand the interactions between water, earth, ecosystems and man. A multi-disciplinary approach is encouraged that enables a broadening of the hydrologic perspective and the advancement of hydrologic science through the integration with other cognate sciences, and the cross-fertilization across disciplinary boundaries. HESS, therefore, has the ambition to serve not only the community of hydrologists, but all earth and life scientists, water engineers and water managers, who wish to publish original findings on the interactions between hydrological processes and other physical, chemical, biological and societal processes within the earth system, and the utilization of this holistic understanding towards sustainable management of water resources, water quality and water-related natural hazards. The scope of HESS therefore encompasses: - The role of physical, chemical and biological processes in the cycling of continental water in all its phases, including dissolved and particulate matter, at all scales, from the micro-scale processes of soil water to the global-scale processes underpinning hydro-climatology.
- The study of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the global water resources (solid, liquid and vapour) and related budgets, in all compartments of the Earth System (atmosphere, oceans, estuaries, rivers, lakes and land masses), including water stocks, residence times, interfacial fluxes, and the pathways between various compartments.
- The study of the interactions with human activity of all the processes, budgets, fluxes and pathways as outlined above, and the options for influencing them in a sustainable manner, particularly in relation to floods, droughts, desertification, land degradation, eutrophication, and other aspects of global change.
The journal will publish research articles, research and technical notes, opinion papers, book reviews, brief communications, and comments on papers published previously in HESS. Papers can address different techniques and approaches, including: theory, modelling, experiments or instrumentation. The journal covers the following Subject Areas and Techniques/Approaches, which are used to categorise papers: Subject Areas: - Hillslope Hydrology;
- Catchment Hydrology;
- Global Hydrology;
- Rivers and Lakes;
- Coasts and Estuaries;
- Hydrometeorology;
- Vadose Zone Hydrology;
- Groundwater Hydrology;
- Ecohydrology;
- Biogeochemical Processes;
- Urban Hydrology;
- Engineering Hydrology;
- Water Resources Management.
Techniques and Approaches:- Theory Development;
- Modelling Approaches;
- Instruments and Observation Techniques;
- Remote Sensing and GIS;
- Mathematical Applications;
- Stochastic Approaches;
- Uncertainty Analysis.
Issuing BodyHydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS) and Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions (HESSD) are published by the Copernicus GmbH (Copernicus Publications) on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). HESS
ISSN 1027-5606
eISSN 1607-7938
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net HESSD
eISSN 1812-2116
http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net
四、一份开放气候学杂志：《Climate》
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/climate
Climate — Open Access Journal
Climate (ISSN 2225-1154), is published by MDPI online quarterly. The first issue will be released in 2013. - - free for readers, free publication for well-prepared manuscripts submitted in 2013.
- Rapid publication: accepted papers are immediately published online.
Full Imprint Information | Download Journal Flyer
| Journal Contact
MDPI AG
Climate Editorial Office
Postfach, CH-4005 Basel, Switzerland
E-Mail: climate@mdpi.com
Tel. +41 61 683 77 34; Fax: +41 61 302 89 18
Click here to see the full Editorial Board
Click here to see Contact Details
|
Syun-Ichi Akasofu
Article: On the Present Halting of Global Warming
Climate 2013, 1(1), 4-11; doi:10.3390/cli1010004 - published online 3 May 2013
Show/Hide Abstract
Abstract: The rise in global average temperature over the last century has halted since roughly the year 2000, despite the fact that the release of CO2 into the atmosphere is still increasing. It is suggested here that this interruption has been caused by the suspension of the near linear (+ 0.5 °C/100 years or 0.05 °C/10 years) temperature increase over the last two centuries, due to recovery from the Little Ice Age, by a superposed multi-decadal oscillation of a 0.2 °C amplitude and a 50~60 year period, which reached its positive peak in about the year 2000—a halting similar to those that occurred around 1880 and 1940. Because both the near linear change and the multi-decadal oscillation are likely to be natural changes (the recovery from the Little Ice Age (LIA) and an oscillation related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), respectively), they must be carefully subtracted from temperature data before estimating the effects of CO2.
Nicole Mölders
Editorial: Climate—A New Open Access Journal Covering the Complex, Multi-Disciplinary Climate Research Challenge
Climate 2013, 1(1), 1-3; doi:10.3390/cli1010001 - published online 19 November 2012
Show/Hide Abstract
五、《昔日气候》
http://www.climate-of-the-past.net/home.html
Climate of the Past (CP)
Co-Editors-in-Chief:
Carlo Barbante, Thorsten Kiefer, Marie-France Loutre & Denis-Didier Rousseau
Climate of the Past (CP) is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of research articles, short communications and review papers on the climate history of the Earth. CP covers all temporal scales of climate change and variability, from geological time through to multidecadal studies of the last century. Studies focussing mainly on present and future climate are not within scope. The main subject areas are: - reconstructions of past climate based on instrumental and historical data as well as proxy data from marine and terrestrial (including ice) archives;
- development and validation of new proxies, improvements of the precision and accuracy of proxy data;
- theoretical and empirical studies of processes in and feedback mechanisms between all climate system components in relation to past climate change on all space and time scales;
- simulation of past climate and model-based interpretation of palaeo climate data for a better understanding of present and future climate variability and climate change.
Climate of the Past has an innovative two-stage publication process which involves a scientific discussion forum and exploits the full potential of the Internet to: - foster scientific discussion;
- enhance the effectiveness and transparency of scientific quality assurance;
- enable rapid publication;
- make scientific publications freely accessible.
In the first stage, papers that pass a rapid access-review by one of the editors are immediately published on the Climate of the Past Discussions (CPD) website. They are then subject to Interactive Public Discussion, during which the referees' comments (anonymous or attributed), additional short comments by other members of the scientific community (attributed) and the authors' replies are also published in CPD. In the second stage, the peer-review process is completed and, if accepted, the final revised papers are published in CP. To ensure publication precedence for authors, and to provide a lasting record of scientific discussion, CPD and CP are both ISSN-registered, permanently archived and fully citable. 六、一份开放土壤科学杂志：http://www.hindawi.com/isrn/ss/
ISRN Soil Science is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles and review articles in all areas of soil science. ISRN Soil Science is part of the ISRN series of peer-reviewed, open access journals that are designed to provide a fast peer review process for all submitted manuscripts. Every ISRN journal is collaboratively run by a relatively large, international Editorial Board of experts in the subject area of the journal. Table of Contents [1–25 of 35 articles] - Table of Contents for Year 2013
- Prediction of Soil Organic Carbon for Ethiopian Highlands Using Soil Spectroscopy, Tadele Amare, Christian Hergarten, Hans Hurni, Bettina Wolfgramm, Birru Yitaferu, and Yihenew G. Selassie
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 720589, 11 pages - Rapid Screening of Berseem Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) Endophytic Bacteria for Rice Plant Seedlings Growth-Promoting Agents, H. Etesami, H. Mirsyedhosseini, and H. A. Alikhani
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 371879, 9 pages - Passive and Active Restoration Strategies to Activate Soil Biogeochemical Nutrient Cycles in a Degraded Tropical Dry Land, Manuel F. Restrepo, Claudia P. Florez, Nelson W. Osorio, and Juan D. León
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 461984, 6 pages - Predicting Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity by Artificial Intelligence and Regression Models, R. Rezaei Arshad, Gh. Sayyad, M. Mosaddeghi, and B. Gharabaghi
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 308159, 8 pages
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附： 国外学术期刊自存储政策的发展动向 转自http://www.biaolun.com/Article/Class7/703/08283730463_2.html
作者：李振东 来源：编辑之友 发布时间：2013年06月15日 点击数： 4
论文摘要：
学术资源开放存取在很大程度上受制于期刊的自存储政策。目前，国外正在采取积极措施，推动学术期刊自存储政策朝着有利于开放存取的方向演变，其中不乏值得借鉴的做法与经验。
关键词： 学术期刊 开放存取 自存储 版权
“开放存取知识库”（OAR）和“开放存取期刊”（OAJ）分别被称为实现开放存取的“绿色策略”与“金色策略”。“绿色策略”比“金色策略”更加现实和直接，更具有发展前景。[1]由于开放性的学术期刊资源正逐步逼近“成为学术研究主流资源”的转折点，所以通过强化作者的“自存储”（Self-archiving）行为与有效性来丰富OAR的期刊资源，拓展其功能，提升其质量就有了非常重要的意义。在全球开放存取事业日渐勃兴的背景下，许多国家都在采取积极措施以突破期刊版权政策对自存储的制约，诸多做法与经验值得研究与借鉴。
一、期刊自存储政策与开放存取
在期刊出版的“礼品经济”时代，知识交流权被学术专家和学术团体掌控，版权与期刊出版的关系并不紧密。然而，第二次世界大战后期刊的商业化经营和市场博弈的加剧，使得版权成为出版商攫取最大利润必不可少的工具，基本方式就是要求作者向其转让版权。英国拉夫堡大学主持的RoMEO计划对国际知名的80家学术出版商的7302种期刊的调查表明，要求作者转让版权的出版商达72家，占90%。其中，排他性版权转让协议是主要类型。[2]另有调查显示，大多数作者转让版权并非自愿，而是受到来自出版商的“胁迫”。因为，如果不向出版商转让版权，文章就可能不被出版商接受和发表。
据统计，每年全球2.5万种期刊上发表大约250万篇文章，其中15%～20%可以开放获取，而又主要是以自存储方式实现的。[3]但是，自存储在促进开放存取，提高文章的“可见度”的同时，有可能成为用户订阅期刊的一种替代手段，使期刊购买力萎缩，对出版商利益构成负面影响。因此，出版商对自存储往往持否定或者消极态度。出版商完全有制约自存储的能力，因为其通过与作者签订版权转让协议掌控着原本属于作者的版权。
“Ingelfinger”原则对自存储同样十分不利。该原则于1969年由《新英格兰医学杂志》主编Franz J.Ingelfinger提出，指期刊只考虑录用未发表或未向其他媒体投稿的文章。表面看，“Ingelfinger”原则的核心是维护学术信息的新闻性，保障期刊的质量、声誉和学术地位与学术影响力，但本质上是对作者自由行使版权的变相干涉。用开放存取的理念来分析“Ingelfinger”原则，就是使作者不得不放弃自存储权利，尤其是自存储预印本的权利。因为，如果作者忽视了该原则的存在，文章质量再高，也可能不被采用。或者，即便文章被录用，也会被出版商要求撤掉自存储的预印本，而这又可能会与OAR的管理政策相悖。
Ware M.B的调研结果显示，全世界有代表性的OAR平均资源数目仅为1200条，且大多数是灰色文献，期刊资源极少。[4]普遍认为，这种状况与期刊自存储政策的制约相关。2010年3月，RoMEO对715家期刊出版商的自存储政策作了调查，并以“绿色”“蓝色”“黄色”“白色”分别代表出版商的自存储政策。其中，允许自存储后印本和预印本的占28%，允许自存储后印本不允许存储预印本的占25%，允许存储预印本不允许存储后印本的占10%，不允许存储任何形式版本的占37%。[5]
二、国外学术期刊自存储政策的嬗变
2012年，在《布达佩斯开放存取倡议》提出十周年之际，“开放社会”发表声明，提出在10年内将开放获取打造成全球学术信息交流的主流模式。据统计，全球开放存取期刊和开放获取论文分别以每年18%与30%的数量增长。[6]现在，越来越多的出版商顺应开放存取的形势，调整版权管理思维，重新审视既有版权战略的科学性、实用性与价值，拿出开放环境中市场博弈的新措施，其中就包括对自存储态度和政策的转变。
2004年6月，Elsevier提出“版权自由化政策”，允许作者将后印本存储在个人网站或者所属研究单位的OAR中。这项规定在出版界起到了率先垂范作用，意味着对期刊自存储政策的重大突破。随后，Springer发布“Open Choice”政策，声明作者可将后印本自行存储在研究所的知识库里。BMC的版权政策则要求在注明出版信息，标明BMC是原始出版者的前提下，允许作者存储后印本。随着出版商对自存储政策的调整，“Ingelfinger”原则受到了更强烈的批评与质疑，认为该原则限制了科学信息发布的内容，延长了信息发布的时滞，与开放存取运动背道而驰。
据RoMEO提供的资料库，目前有92%的期刊出版商和71%的其他类型的出版机构已允许作者自存储。而且，在正式出版前已存储在机构知识库中的初稿、预印本也不再被要求移除。[7]出版商允许作者自存储通常是有附加条件的。比如，《英国医学杂志》不再要求作者转让版权，但是要求获得独占首次出版权和商业开发权。还有部分期刊在允许作者自存储的同时，仍然要求作者转让版权，但与传统的版权转让理念相比有了异化，或者为防范一稿多投、一稿多登，或为确保自存储的是经过专家评审的最后版本。
三、国外期刊自存储政策创新的有关经验
立法对期刊转变自存储政策具有强制推动力。比如，2007年12月，美国国会在《政府年度预算案》中把《促进NIH资助的研究成果公共获取法案》里对开放存取的“请求”改为“要求”，保证了100%的自存储率。[8]2009年3月，美国出台的《综合拨款法案》继承和延续了强制性开放存取政策。政府向开放存取出版注入资金被认为是一个成功的做法。比如，2012年9月，英国政府向30所研究型大学提供1000万英镑，支持其作者的开放出版费用。[9]欧盟委员会计划在2013年实施的《展望2020开放获取政策》中拿出800亿欧元支持开放存取出版。[10]
政府还应为开放存取出版提供贷款、税收等方面的优惠政策。比如，法国政府专门建立了特殊担保基金会，为开放存取出版提供低息贷款、优先贷款，或放宽贷款期限。又比如，英国政府对一般商品征收17.5%的增值税，对出版物却免收增值税；德国的增值税率一般商品为16%，出版物为7%。由于美国的遗产税高达50%，所以许多人愿意把自己的财富投向公益事业。按照美国法律，美国企业如果向社会捐赠数额超过应缴税款的10%，可减免10%的税款，如果不到10%，也可以作相应的扣除。
学术团体与基金会是促进出版商转变自存储政策的重要力量，其基本策略是“胡萝卜+大棒”，即将允许自存储作为向出版商提供经费的前提条件。比如，德国马普学会专门成立了“信息提供与开放获取部”，资助作者在BMC、Frontinger、PLoS等期刊上发表文章，但是要求出版商必须保障作者的自存储权利。英国惠康基金会规定，基金会不向不允许作者将其文章存储在UKPMC中的出版商提供经费资助。
机构和部门对开放存取的态度会明显影响作者对期刊的选择倾向，制约出版商对优质文章的获取，促其转变自存储政策。比如，芬兰赫尔辛基大学自存储政策规定，研究人员必须将其发表后的论文存储到OAR中。英国南安普敦大学计算机系自从实施内部强制性开放存取政策后，科研成果的自存储率达到80%～100%。
Alma Swan等人调查后认为，机构有必要为作者提供标准的版权协议文本，指导版权协议签约行为。因为，只有10%的作者了解期刊的自存储政策，22%的作者甚至对版权问题一无所知。[11]比如，加利福尼亚大学机构知识库的版权政策指出，作者保留版权，向出版商提供作品时，需附带明确的自存储政策，表明可以存储的OAR类别。E-LIS规定，对于未经审核的预印本，作者可自由存储；对于已经审核的预印本，作者至少应争取到添加链接或勘误表的权利；对于后印本，应要求出版商同意自存储。科学共同体在《补充协议条款》中规定，作品一经出版，作者就有权存储在OAR中立即开放存取，或者自存储6个月后供开放获取。
创建合作共赢的权益分配机制有利于出版商转变自存储政策。正如国际STM出版社协会指出的，开放出版面对的是“混合市场”，涉及多方利益关系的平衡，需要政府、机构、资助者、作者、出版社间的紧密合作。比如，由欧洲原子能研究所与德国马普学会共同发起的SCOAP3计划，已得到7家出版商的支持。在该计划中，出版社以主动存储和允许自存储两种方式将论文最后文本存储在OAR中。目前，合作的国际化趋势日趋明显。比如，2010年10月，中国科学院同Springe出版集团签署开放存储协议。按照协议，出版商允许在其期刊发表论文的中科院作者将最终定稿存储在中科院各研究所的机构库中，于12个月后开放访问。
参考文献：
[1] Suber P，Arunachalam S. Open access to Science in the Developing Word[EB/OL].[2012-12-09].http：//www.earlham.edu/-peters/writing/wsis2.htm.
[2] Elizabeth Gadd，Charles Oppenheim，Steve Probets.RoMEO Studies 1：The Impact of Copyright Ownership on Academic Author Self-archiving[EB/OL].
[3] Welling P，LOaakso M，et... Open Access to the Scientific Journal Literature[J].Situation 2009， PLoS ONE 5（6）：Ell273.
[4] Ware M.B.Universities Own Electronic Repository yet to Impact on Open Access，Nature com’s WebFocus：Access to the Literature[EB/OL].[2012-12-www.17net.net
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