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本帖最后由 hillside 于 2014-4-20 22:15 编辑
http://wmo.asu.edu/#continental
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Global Weather & Climate Extremes（World Meteorological Organization）
Weather & Climate Extremes News
（制作团队与资料成果简介）
A WMO international panel of meteorologists and climatologists from Argentina, Columbia, France, Germany, India, Morocco, Spain and the United States has recently completed an investigation of two potential world record extremes. First, an assessment of the precipitation record at Puerto Lopez, Columbia was conducted to ascertain if that location could be established as the highest annual precipitation recording location for the Earth. The committee recommended (and the WMO Rapporteurs accepted) to not accept at this time the Puerto Lopez extreme as “highest annually averaged precipitation” extreme. This is based on the assessment that the Puerto Lopez location did not meet WMO guidelines for establishment of a 30-year normal for the period 1981-2009. Consequently, the WMO is leaving the category of “highest annually averaged precipitation” extreme vacant at this time. If more data from Puerto Lopez or another claimant for this extreme is brought to the attention of the WMO, a new evaluation committee may be established. Second, this international panel of meteorologists and climatologists has assessed the precipitation record at Cherrapunji in India on 15–16 June, 1995. They have recommended (and the WMO Rapporteurs accepted)the rainfall record accumulated during this 48-hour period as being the new "highest 48-hour precipitation for the world." The accumulated precipitation during that 48-hour period at Cherrapunji was 2493mm. That exceeds the old WMO recognized extreme value of 2467mm which occurred at Aurère, La Réunion on 7-9/4/1958.
气象气候指标世界之最
World Weather Element | World Element Characteristic | Value（数值） | Date (D/M/Y) | Site Observations | Geopolitical Location | Longitude/ Latitude | Elevation 高程 | temperature
气温 | （最高） | 56.7°C (134°F) | 10/7/1913 | 1911- present | Furnace Creek (Greenland Ranch), CA, USA | 36°27'N, 116°51'W | -54m(-179ft) ) | | -89.2°C(-128.5°F) | 21/7/1983 | 1912- present | Vostok, Antarctica | 77°32'S, 106°40'E | 3420m (11,220 ft) | pressure
气压 | | 1083.8 hPa | 31/12/1968 | 1961- present | Agata, Russia | 66°53'N, 93°28'E | 261m (856.3ft) | | 1084.8 hPa | 19/12/2001 | 1963- present | Tosontsengel Mongolia | 48°44'N, 98°16'E | 1724.6m (5658.1 ft) | | 870 hPa | 12/10/1979 | 1951- present | Eye of Typhoon Tip | 16°44'N, 137°46'E | 0m | rainfall
降雨 | | 31.2mm (1.23") | 4/7/1956 | 1948- present | Unionville, MD, USA | 38°48'N, 76°08'W | 152m (499ft) | | 305mm (12.0") | 22/6/1947 |
| Holt, MO, USA | 39°27'N, 94°20'W | 263m (863ft) | | 1.144 m (45.0'') | 7-8/1/1966 | 1966-1990 | Foc-Foc, La Réunion | 21°14'S, 55°41'E | 2290m (7513ft) | | 1.825m (71.8") | 7-8/1/1966 | 1966-1990 | Foc-Foc, La Réunion | 21°14'S, 55°41'E | 2290m (7513ft) | | 2.493m (98.15") | 15-16/6/1995 | 1850-present | Cherrapunji, India | 25°02'N, 91°08'E | 1313m (4308ft) | | 3.929m (154.7") | 24-26/2/2007 | 1968-present | Cratère Commerson, La Réunion | 21°12'S, 55°39'E | 2310m (7579ft) | | 4.869m (191.7") | 24-27/2/2007 | 1968-present | Cratère Commerson, La Réunion | 21°12'S, 55°39'E | 2310m (7579ft) | | 26.47m (1042") | 8/1860-7/1861 | 1851- present | Cherrapunji, India | 25°02'N, 91°08'E | 1313m (4308ft) | hail
冰雹 | | 1.02kg (2.25lb) | 14/4/1986 |
| Gopalganj district, Bangladesh | 23°00'N, 89°56'E | 4m (13.1ft) | aridity
干旱 | | 173 months | 10/1903-1/1918 |
| Arica, Chile | 18°29'S, 70°18'W | 65m (213ft) | wind
风 | | 113.2m/s (253mph; 220kt) | 1055 UTC 10/4/1996 | 1932- present | Barrow Island Australia | 20°49'S, 115°23'E | 64m (210ft) | | | 113.2m/s (253mph; 220kt) | 1055 UTC 10/4/1996 | 1949-present | Barrow Island Australia | 20°49'S, 115°23'E | 64m (210ft) |
Hemispheric Weather & Climate Extremes（半球气象气候极值）Continent/ Hemisphere | Continental Element Characteristic | Value | Date (D/M/Y) | Length of Record | Geopolitical Location | Longitude/ Latitude | Elevation | | northern hemisphere | | 56.7°C (134°F) | 10/7/1913 | 1911- present | Furnace Creek (Greenland Ranch), CA, USA | 36°27'N, 116°51'@ | -54m(-179ft) ) | | southern hemisphere | | 50.7°C (123°F) | 2/1/1960 | 59 years | Oodnadatta, Australia | 27°32'S, 135°26'E | 112m (367 ft) | | eastern hemisphere | | 54°C (129.2°F) | 21/6/1942 |
| Tirat Tsvi (Tirat Zevi) Israel | 32°25'N, 35°32'E | -220m(-722 ft) | | western hemisphere | | 56.7°C (134°F) | 10/7/1913 | 1911- present | Furnace Creek Ranch, CA, USA | 36°27'N, 116°51'W | -54m(-179 ft) | | northern hemisphere | | -67.8°C (-90°F) | 1. 5/2/1892, 7/2/1892
2. 6/2/1933 |
| 1. Verkhoyansk, Russia
2. Oimekon, Russia | 1. 67°33'N, 133°23'E
2. 63°28'N, 142°23'E | 1. 107m (350 ft)
2. 800m (2625 ft) | | southern hemisphere | | -89.2°C(-129°F) | 21/7/1983 | 1912-present | Vostok, Antarctica | 77°32'S, 106°40'E | 3420m (11220 ft) | | eastern hemisphere | | -89.2°C(-129°F) | 21/7/1983 | 1912-present | Vostok, Antarctica | 77°32'S, 106°40'E | 3420m (11220 ft) | | western hemisphere | | -66.1°C (-87°F) | 9/1/1954 | 11/1952-6/1954 | Northice, Greenland | 78°04'N, 38°29'W | 2341m (7680 ft) | | northern hemisphere | | 1633.98mm (64.3") | 21-22/10/2005 |
| Isla Mujeres, Mexico | 21°15'N, 86°44'W | 3m (10 ft) | | southern hemisphere | | 1825mm (72.0") | 7-8/1/1966 | 1966-1990 | Foc-Foc, La Reunion | 21°14'S, 55°40'E | 2990m (9810ft) | | eastern hemisphere | | 1825mm (72.0") | 7-8/1/1966 | 1966-1990 | Foc-Foc, La Reunion | 21°14'S, 55°40'E | 2990m (9810ft) | | western hemisphere | | 1633.98mm (64.3") | 21-22/10/2005 |
| Isla Mujeres, Mexico | 21°15'N, 86°44'W | 3m (10 ft) | | northern hemisphere | | 103.3 m/s (231 mph) | 12/4/1934 | 1932-present | Mt. Washington NH USA | 44°16'N, 71°18'W | 1856m(6089 ft) | | southern hemisphere | | 112.3m/s (253mph; 220kt) | 10/4/1996 | 1932- present | Barrow Island Australia | 20°49'S, 115°23'E | 64m (210ft) | | eastern hemisphere | | 112.3m/s (253mph; 220kt) | 10/4/1996 | 1932- present | Barrow Island Australia | 20°49'S, 115°23'E | 64m (210ft) | | western hemisphere | | 103.3 m/s (231 mph) | 12/4/1934 | 1932-present | Mt. Washington NH USA | 44°16'N, 71°18'W | 1856m(6089 ft)
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Continental Weather & Climate Extremes（大陆气象气候极值）
Continent/ Hemisphere | Continental Element Characteristic | Value | Date (D/M/Y) | Length of Record | Geopolitical Location | Longitude/ Latitude | Elevation | | north america | | 56.7°C (134°F) | 10/7/1913 | 1911- present | Furnace Creek Ranch, CA, USA | 36°28'N, 116°51'W | -54m(-179 ft) | | south america | | 48.9°C (120°F) | 11/12/1905 |
| Rivadavia, Argentina | 33°11'S, 68°12'W | 668m (2192 ft) | | europe | | 48.0°C (118.4°F) | 10/7/1977 | 1956-present | Athens, Greece (and Elefsina, Greece) | 38°06'N, 23°47'W | 236m(774 ft) | | asia | | 54°C (129.2°F) | 21/6/1942 |
| Tirat Tsvi (Tirat Zevi) Israel | 32°25'N, 35°32'E | -220m(-722 ft) | | africa | | 55.0°C (131°F) | 7/7/1931 | unknown | Kebili, Tunisia | 33°42'N, 8°58'E | 38.1m (125ft) | | australia | | 50.7°C (123°F) | 2/1/1960 | 59 years | Oodnadatta, Australia | 27°32'S, 135°26'E | 112m (367 ft) | | oceania | | 42.2°C (108°F) | 29/4/1912 |
| Tuguegarao, Philippines | 17°37'N, 121°42'E | 206m (676 ft) | | antarctica | | 15°C (59°F) | 1/5/1974 |
| Vanda Station, Antarctica | 77°32'S, 161°40'E | 15m (49 ft) | | north america | | -63.0°C(-81.4°F) | 3/2/1947 | 1943-1966 | Snag, Yukon Territory, Canada | 140°22'W, 62°23'N | 646m (2120 ft) | | south america | | -32.8°C (-27°F) | 1/6/1907 |
| Sarmiento, Argentina | 54°21'S 68°11'W | 268m (879 ft) | | europe | | -58.1°C(-72.6°F) | 31/12/1978 |
| Ust 'Schugor, Russia | 57°45'E, 64°15'N | 85m(279 ft) | | africa | | -23.9°C (-11°F) | 11/2/1935 | 1912-present | Ifrane, Morocco | 33°30'N, 5°06'W | 1635m (5364 ft) | | australia | | -23°C (-9.4°F) | 29/6/1994 |
| Charlotte Pass, New South Wales | 36°31'S, 148°19'E | 1755m (5758 ft) | | antarctica | | -89.2°C(-129°F) | 21/7/1983 | 1912-present | Vostok, Antarctica | 77°32'S, 106°40'E | 3420m (11220 ft) | | asia | | -67.8°C (-90°F) | 1. 5/2/1892, 7/2/1892
2. 6/2/1933 |
| 1. Verkhoyansk, Russia,
2. Oimekon, Russia | 1. 67°33'N, 133°23'E
2. 63°28'N, 142°23'E | 1. 107m (350 ft)
2. 800m (2625 ft) | | south america | | 8.99 m (354.0") |
| 29 years | Quibdo, Colombia | 5°41'N, 76°40'W | 70m(230 ft) | | asia | | 11.872m (467.4") |
| 38 years | Mawsynram, India | 25°18'N, 91°35'E | 1431m (4695 ft) | | africa | | 10.287m (405.0") |
| 32 years | Debundscha, Cameroon | 4°06'N, 8°59'E | 9m (30 ft) | | australia | | 8.034m (316.3") |
| 34 years | Bellenden Ker, Queensland | 17°16'S, 145°51'E | 1555m (5102 ft) | | north america | | 7m (276") | 1923-1935; 1998-2000 | 15 years | Henderson Lake, BC, Canada | 49°88'N, 125°08'W | 3.66m(12 ft) | | europe | | 4.648m (183.0") |
| 22 years | Crkvica, Bosnia- Hercegovina | 43°54'N, 17°43'E | 1310m (4298 ft) | | antarctica | | >800mm (31.5") water equivalent (460.0") |
| Jul 1996–Jun 1999 | along the coast of East
and West Antarctica, and over the Antarctic Peninsula |
| | | oceania | | 11.64m (460.0") |
| 30 years | Mt. Waialeale, Kauai, Hawaii, USA | 22°04'N, 159°29'W | 1569m (5148ft) | | south america | | 0.76mm (0.03") |
| 59 years | Arica, Chile | 18°29'S, 70°18'W | 65m(213 ft) | | asia | | 45.7mm (1.8") |
| 50 years | Aden, Yemen | 12°45'N, 45°4'E | 19m (63 ft) | | africa | | < 2.54mm (< 0.1") |
| 39 years | Wadi Halfa, Sudan | 21°47'N, 31°22'E | 180m (590 ft) | | australia | | 102.9mm (4.05") |
| 42 years | Troudaninna, South Australia | 29°03'S, 139°10'E | 14m (46 ft) | | north america | | 30.5 mm (1.2") |
| 14 years | Batagues, Mexico | 32°33'N, 115°04'W | 21m (69 ft) | | europe | | 162.6mm (6.4") |
| 25 years | Astrakhan, Russia | 46°22'N, 48°00'E | 20m (66 ft) | | antarctica | | 2mm (0.08") |
| 10 years | Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station | 90°S | 2,835m (9,301 ft) | | oceania | | 188mm (7.41") |
| 1972-1982 | Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii, USA | 19°49'N, 155°28'W | 4,200m (13,780 ft) |
World Tornado Records（龙卷风世界纪录）Tornado Characteristic | Value | Date (D/M/Y) | Length of Record | Geopolitical Location | Longitude/ Latitude | Elevation | | 1,300 killed / 12,000 injured | 26/4/1989 | 1091- present | Manikganj District Bangladesh | 23°50'N, 90°5'E | 9m (30 ft) | | 352.4km (219 miles) / 3.5 hours duration | 18/3/1925 |
| Ellington MO USA to Princeton IN USA |
| | | 207 Tornadoes | 27/4/2011 | 1787- present | Southeastern United States |
| | | Nearly 4000m (2.5 mi.) in width | 22/5/2004 |
| Hallam, NE F4 Tornado | 40°34'N, 96°47'W | 451m (1480 ft) | | 543 tornadoes | 5/2003 | 1950- present | United States |
| | | 135m/s (302 mph) | 3/5/1999 | ~1996- present | Bridge Creek, OK USA | 35°14'N, 97°44'W | 416m (1365 ft) | | A personal check carried 359 km (223 mi.) | 11/4/1991 | 1871- present | Stockton, KS USA to Winnetoon, NE USA |
| |
World Tropical Cyclone Records（热带气旋世界纪录）Tropical Cyclone Characteristic | Value | Date (D/M/Y) | Length of Record | Tropical Cyclone | Latitude/ Longitude | | 870mb (25.69") | 12/10/1979 | 1951- present | Typhoon Tip in the Northwest Pacific Ocean | 16°44'N, 137°46'E | | 882mb (26.05") | 19/10/2005 | 1951- present | Hurricane Wilma in Caribbean Sea | 17°18'N, 82°48'W | | 95m/s (185 kt, 215 mph) | 12/9/1961 | 1945- present | Typhoon Nancy in the Northwest Pacific Ocean | 15°30'N, 137°30'E | | 113.2 m/s (253mph; 220 kt | 1055 UTC, 10/4/1996 | 1949-present | Barrow Island, Australia | 20°49'S, 115°23'E | | 94.4 m/s (211.3 mph; 183.5 kt | 2235 UTC, 30/9/2008 | 1949-present | Pinar del Rio, Cuba | 22°34'N, 83°40'W | | 100mb (976 to 876 mb) in just under 24 hours | 22-23/9/1983 | 1951- present | Typhoon Forrest in Northwest Pacific Ocean | 18°0'N, 136°0'E | | 13m (42 feet) | 5/3/1899 |
| Tropical Cyclone Mahina; Bathurst Bay, Queensland, Australia | 14°15'S, 144°23'E | |
| 28/3/2004 | 1966-present | Tropical Cyclone Catarina; state of Santa Catarina, Brazil | approximately 27°S, 48°W | | Gale winds [17m/s, 34 kt, 39mph] extending 1100km (675 mi) from center | 12/10/1979 | 1945- present | Typhoon Tip in Northwest Pacific Ocean | 16°44'N, 137°46'E | | Gale winds [17m/s, 34kt, 39mph] extending 50km (30 mi) from center | 24/12/1974 | 1956- present | Tropical Cyclone Tracy near Darwin, Australia | 12°12'S, 130°00'E | | 31 days | 10/8/1994- 10/9/1994 | 1945- present | Hurricane / Typhoon John in Northeast & Northwest Pacific Basins |
| | Longest Distance Traveled by Tropical Cyclone | 13280 km (7165 st. mi.) | 10/8/1994- 10/9/1994 | 1961-present (satellite era) | Hurricane / Typhoon John in Northeast & Northwest Pacific Basins |
| | Smallest eye | 6.7km (4 mile) | 24/12/1974 | 1956-present | Tropical Cyclone Tracy at Darwin Australia | 12°12'S, 130°00'E | | 90km (56 mile) | 21/2/1979 | 1956-present | Tropical Cycle Kerry, Coral Sea | 17°30'S, 154°06'W |
World Meteorological-Related Phenomena Records
Phenomena Characteristic | Value | Date (D/M/Y) | Length of Record | Geopolitical Location | Longitude/ Latitude | Elevation | | 29.05 m (95.03 ft) | 2214 UTC 8/2/2000 |
| North Atlantic | 57°30'N, 12°42'W | 0m (0 ft) | | 18.275 m (59.96 ft) | 2054 UTC 8/12/2007 |
| North Atlantic | 52°31'N, 18°28'W | 0m (0 ft) |
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