MeteoInfoLab脚本示例：subplot和subplots

MeteoInfo

在一个figure中可以有多个坐标系（Axes），可以用axes函数一个个创建，其中的position参数可以定义每个坐标系的位置。很多情况下需要在一个figure中规律放置多个大小一致的axes，这时可以用到subplot或者subplots函数，subplot和subplots的前两个参数都是axes的行数（nrow）和列数（ncol），subplot一次生成一个axes，所以需要第三个参数为axes的序号。而subplots一次生成nrow * ncol个axes，subplots还有一些参数可以对生成的axes总体大小和间隔进行设置。

利用subplot函数生成四个axes：

1. x = linspace(0,10,200)
   
2. y1 = sin(x)
   
3. y2 = sin(2*x)
   
4. y3 = sin(4*x)
   
5. y4 = sin(8*x)
   
6. 
   
7. subplot(2,2,1)
   
8. plot(x,y1)
   
9. title('Subplot 1: sin(x)')
   
10. xlabel('X')
    
11. ylabel('Y')
    
12. 
    
13. subplot(2,2,2)
    
14. plot(x,y2)
    
15. title('Subplot 2: sin(2x)')
    
16. xlabel('X')
    
17. ylabel('Y')
    
18. 
    
19. subplot(2,2,3)
    
20. plot(x,y3)
    
21. title('Subplot 3: sin(4x)')
    
22. 
    
23. subplot(2,2,4)
    
24. plot(x,y4)
    
25. title('Subplot 4: sin(8x)')

x = linspace(0,10,200)<br /> y1 = sin(x)<br /> y2 = sin(2*x)<br /> y3 = sin(4*x)<br /> y4 = sin(8*x)<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,1)<br /> plot(x,y1)<br /> title('Subplot 1: sin(x)')<br /> xlabel('X')<br /> ylabel('Y')<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,2)<br /> plot(x,y2)<br /> title('Subplot 2: sin(2x)')<br /> xlabel('X')<br /> ylabel('Y')<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,3)<br /> plot(x,y3)<br /> title('Subplot 3: sin(4x)')<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,4)<br /> plot(x,y4)<br /> title('Subplot 4: sin(8x)')

subplot第三个参数也可以是一个列表，相当于把多个axes合并为一个：

1. x = linspace(0,10,200)
   
2. y1 = sin(x)
   
3. y2 = sin(2*x)
   
4. y3 = sin(4*x)
   
5. y4 = sin(8*x)
   
6. 
   
7. subplot(2,2,1)
   
8. plot(x,y1)
   
9. title('Subplot 1: sin(x)')
   
10. xlabel('X')
    
11. ylabel('Y')
    
12. 
    
13. subplot(2,2,2)
    
14. plot(x,y2)
    
15. title('Subplot 2: sin(2x)')
    
16. xlabel('X')
    
17. ylabel('Y')
    
18. 
    
19. subplot(2,2,[3,4])
    
20. plot(x,y3)
    
21. title('Subplot 3: sin(4x)')

x = linspace(0,10,200)<br /> y1 = sin(x)<br /> y2 = sin(2*x)<br /> y3 = sin(4*x)<br /> y4 = sin(8*x)<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,1)<br /> plot(x,y1)<br /> title('Subplot 1: sin(x)')<br /> xlabel('X')<br /> ylabel('Y')<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,2)<br /> plot(x,y2)<br /> title('Subplot 2: sin(2x)')<br /> xlabel('X')<br /> ylabel('Y')<br /> <br /> subplot(2,2,[3,4])<br /> plot(x,y3)<br /> title('Subplot 3: sin(4x)')

利用subplots函数生成4个axes，默认当前的axes是第一个，绘图语句是针对当前axes的。如果要对非当前axes绘图，需要用caxes函数将其设置为当前axes：

1. # Simple data to display in various forms
   
2. x = linspace(0, 2 * pi, 400)
   
3. y = sin(x ** 2)
   
4. 
   
5. # Four axes, returned as a tuple with tuple elements
   
6. f, axarr = subplots(2, 2)
   
7. plot(x, y)
   
8. title('Axis [0,0]')
   
9. caxes(axarr[0][1])
   
10. scatter(x, y)
    
11. title('Axis [0,1]')
    
12. caxes(axarr[1][0])
    
13. plot(x, y ** 2)
    
14. title('Axis [1,0]')
    
15. caxes(axarr[1][1])
    
16. scatter(x, y ** 2)
    
17. title('Axis [1,1]')

# Simple data to display in various forms<br /> x = linspace(0, 2 * pi, 400)<br /> y = sin(x ** 2)<br /> <br /> # Four axes, returned as a tuple with tuple elements<br /> f, axarr = subplots(2, 2)<br /> plot(x, y)<br /> title('Axis [0,0]')<br /> caxes(axarr[0][1])<br /> scatter(x, y)<br /> title('Axis [0,1]')<br /> caxes(axarr[1][0])<br /> plot(x, y ** 2)<br /> title('Axis [1,0]')<br /> caxes(axarr[1][1])<br /> scatter(x, y ** 2)<br /> title('Axis [1,1]')

subplots的sharex, sharey参数可以设定多个axes是否共享x, y轴坐标标注：

1. # Simple data to display in various forms
   
2. x = linspace(0, 2 * pi, 400)
   
3. y = sin(x ** 2)
   
4. 
   
5. # row and column sharing
   
6. f, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = subplots(2, 2, sharex='col', sharey='row')
   
7. plot(x, y)
   
8. title('Sharing x per column, y per row')
   
9. caxes(ax2)
   
10. scatter(x, y)
    
11. caxes(ax3)
    
12. scatter(x, 2 * y ** 2 - 1, color='r')
    
13. caxes(ax4)
    
14. plot(x, 2 * y ** 2 - 1, color='r')

# Simple data to display in various forms<br /> x = linspace(0, 2 * pi, 400)<br /> y = sin(x ** 2)<br /> <br /> # row and column sharing<br /> f, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = subplots(2, 2, sharex='col', sharey='row')<br /> plot(x, y)<br /> title('Sharing x per column, y per row')<br /> caxes(ax2)<br /> scatter(x, y)<br /> caxes(ax3)<br /> scatter(x, 2 * y ** 2 - 1, color='r')<br /> caxes(ax4)<br /> plot(x, 2 * y ** 2 - 1, color='r')

subplots的wspace和hspace可以定义各axes在宽度和高度方向上的间隔，比如将hspace设为0则多个axes上下紧贴：

1. # Simple data to display in various forms
   
2. x = linspace(0, 2 * pi, 400)
   
3. y = sin(x ** 2)
   
4. 
   
5. # Three subplots have 0 height space
   
6. f, (ax1, ax2, ax3) = subplots(3, sharex=True, hspace=0)
   
7. plot(x, y)
   
8. title('Set height blank space as 0')
   
9. xaxis(tickvisible=False)
   
10. ylim(-1.2, 1.2)
    
11. caxes(ax2)
    
12. scatter(x, y)
    
13. xaxis(tickvisible=False)
    
14. ylim(-1.2, 1.2)
    
15. caxes(ax3)
    
16. scatter(x, 2 * y ** 2 - 1, color='r')
    
17. xaxis(tickvisible=False, location='top')
    
18. ylim(-1.2, 1.2)

# Simple data to display in various forms<br /> x = linspace(0, 2 * pi, 400)<br /> y = sin(x ** 2)<br /> <br /> # Three subplots have 0 height space<br /> f, (ax1, ax2, ax3) = subplots(3, sharex=True, hspace=0)<br /> plot(x, y)<br /> title('Set height blank space as 0')<br /> xaxis(tickvisible=False)<br /> ylim(-1.2, 1.2)<br /> caxes(ax2)<br /> scatter(x, y)<br /> xaxis(tickvisible=False)<br /> ylim(-1.2, 1.2)<br /> caxes(ax3)<br /> scatter(x, 2 * y ** 2 - 1, color='r')<br /> xaxis(tickvisible=False, location='top')<br /> ylim(-1.2, 1.2)

subplots的position参数设定了所有生成的axes总的大小，如果多个axes共享一个colorbar时可以在右边或者下边留空放置统一的colorbar：

1. #Read data
   
2. f = addfile('D:/Temp/GrADS/model.ctl')
   
3. gdata = f['PS'][0,:,:]
   
4. 
   
5. #Create tow subplots
   
6. fig, axs = subplots(2, position=[0,0,0.85,1])
   
7. axesm(newaxes=False)
   
8. maplayer = shaperead('D:/Temp/Map/country1.shp')
   
9. geoshow(maplayer, edgecolor='k')
   
10. layer = contourfm(gdata)
    
11. title('Map test')
    
12. 
    
13. caxes(axs[1])
    
14. gdata = f['PS'][1,:,:]
    
15. axesm(newaxes=False)
    
16. geoshow(maplayer, edgecolor='k')
    
17. layer = contourfm(gdata)
    
18. 
    
19. #Add common colorbar
    
20. axes(position=[0,0.2,0.85,0.6], newaxes=True, axis=False)
    
21. colorbar(layer)

#Read data<br /> f = addfile('D:/Temp/GrADS/model.ctl')<br /> gdata = f['PS'][0,:,:]<br /> <br /> #Create tow subplots<br /> fig, axs = subplots(2, position=[0,0,0.85,1])<br /> axesm(newaxes=False)<br /> maplayer = shaperead('D:/Temp/Map/country1.shp')<br /> geoshow(maplayer, edgecolor='k')<br /> layer = contourfm(gdata)<br /> title('Map test')<br /> <br /> caxes(axs[1])<br /> gdata = f['PS'][1,:,:]<br /> axesm(newaxes=False)<br /> geoshow(maplayer, edgecolor='k')<br /> layer = contourfm(gdata)<br /> <br /> #Add common colorbar<br /> axes(position=[0,0.2,0.85,0.6], newaxes=True, axis=False)<br /> colorbar(layer)

NUIST_DYL

您好，王老师，为什么我用subplot画出来最后一个图比其它的要大啊C:\Users\labs_DYL\Desktop\捕获.JPG

MeteoInfo

NUIST_DYL 发表于 2020-8-14 11:44
您好，王老师，为什么我用subplot画出来最后一个图比其它的要大啊

你至少要贴出你的代码，别人才有可能帮你看看问题所在。

NUIST_DYL

MeteoInfo 发表于 2020-8-14 12:36
你至少要贴出你的代码，别人才有可能帮你看看问题所在。

抱歉老师，第一次提问忘贴代码了

f=addfile('C:/Users/labs_DYL/Desktop/gradsdata/slp.2019.nc')
subplot(2,2,1,axestype='map')
p=f['slp'][1372,'10:50','90:140']
geoshow('country')
layer=contourm(p/100)
colorbar(layer)
title('2019/12/10 02:00')
xticks([90,120])
yticks([20,40])

subplot(2,2,2,axestype='map')
p=f['slp'][1380,'10:50','90:140']
geoshow('country')
layer=contourm(p/100)
colorbar(layer)
title('2019/12/12 02:00')
xticks([90,120])
yticks([20,40])

subplot(2,2,3,axestype='map')
p=f['slp'][1388,'10:50','90:140']
geoshow('country')
layer=contourm(p/100)
colorbar(layer)
title('2019/12/14 02:00')
xticks([90,120])
yticks([20,40])

subplot(2,2,4,axestype='map')
p=f['slp'][1396,'10:50','90:140']
geoshow('country')
layer=contourm(p/100)
colorbar(layer)
title('2019/12/14 02:00')
xticks([90,120])
yticks([20,40])

wujiaqi

王老师好，我用subplot画地图想要调整子图之间的间距，应该怎么调整呢？还有一个问题，就是比如我关于一个函数subplot里面参数的调整，我在官网搜subplot出现的参数只有行数、列数等等，关于axestype的说明没有在里面提到，请问是否有关于内部函数比较具体的说明文件呢？
figure(figsize=[1500,1500],newfig=False)
fn1 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2008.csv'
table = readtable(fn1, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,1,axestype='map',wspace =0,hspace =0)
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'a', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn2 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2009.csv'
table = readtable(fn2, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,2,axestype='map',wspace =0,hspace =0)
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'b', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn3 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2010.csv'
table = readtable(fn3, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,3,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'c', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn4 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2011.csv'
table = readtable(fn4, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,4,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'd', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn5 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2012.csv'
table = readtable(fn5, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,5,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'e', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn6 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2013.csv'
table = readtable(fn6, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,6,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'f', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn7 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2014.csv'
table = readtable(fn7, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,7,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'g', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn8 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2015.csv'
table = readtable(fn8, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,8,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'h', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn9 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2016.csv'
table = readtable(fn9, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,9,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'i', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn10 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2017.csv'
table = readtable(fn10, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,10,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'j', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn11 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2018.csv'
table = readtable(fn11, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,11,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'k', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)

fn12 = 'E:/study/graduate_paper/data/2019.csv'
table = readtable(fn12, delimiter=',', format='%f%f%f%f%f')
frp = table['frp']
lat = table['LAT']
lon = table['LON']
subplot(3,4,12,axestype='map')
lchina = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4p.shp')
lchina2 = shaperead('E:/study/MI/shp/bou/bou2/bou2_4l.shp')
bou1_layer1 = geoshow(lchina2,edgecolor='k',size=0.8)
bou1_layer = geoshow(lchina,edgecolor='k',size=0.5)
layer = scatterm(lon, lat, frp, (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),edgecolor=None,size=3)
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='left',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #ticklength刻度线长度，tickwidth刻度线宽度，linewidth边框宽度
yaxis(tickvisible=False,location='right',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3) #分别调试tick的宽度，边框线宽和tick的长度
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='top',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xaxis(tickvisible=False,location='bottom',tickwidth=1,linewidth=1.5,ticklength=3)
xlim(70,140)
ylim(15,55)
xticks(arange(70, 141, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
yticks(arange(15, 56, 10),bold=False,fontsize=12)
text(72, 51, 'l', fontname=u'黑体', fontsize=18)
colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal', extendrect=False, shrink=0.8, aspect=12)
savefig('E:/study/graduate_paper/figure/year08-19.png',dpi=300,width=950, height=610)

MeteoInfo

wujiaqi 发表于 2021-3-12 11:51
王老师好，我用subplot画地图想要调整子图之间的间距，应该怎么调整呢？还有一个问题，就是比如我关于一个 ...

注意一下 subplot 和 subplots 的区别，要调整 axes 直接的间距最好用 subplots。MeteoInfo 的 script 目录中有一些示例脚本程序，其中 axes 目录中有相关示例程序可以参考。

wujiaqi

MeteoInfo 发表于 2021-3-12 15:29
注意一下 subplot 和 subplots 的区别，要调整 axes 直接的间距最好用 subplots。MeteoInfo 的 script 目 ...

好的，谢谢老师

mrak颖

老师，请问为什么我的共享坐标轴设置了不共享啊，下面是我的代码
fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = subplots(2, 2, position=[0,0.02,1,1], sharex='col', sharey='row')
f = addfile('G:/xiangguanxing/500.nc')
lon = f['longitude'][:]
lat = f['latitude'][:]
time = f['time'][:]
z = f['z'][1,'15:55:2','55:125:2']
z = z/98
t = f['t'][1,'15:55:3','55:125:3']
t = t-273.15
v = f['v'][1,'15:55','55:120']
v = v[::10,::10]
u = f['u'][1,'15:55','55:120']
u = u[::10,::10]
data =sqrt(u*u+v*v)
axesm(newaxes=False)
layer2 = shaperead('G:\shuju\map\cn_province.shp')
geoshow(layer2,edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
layer = shaperead('G:\shuju\shiji\yunguichuanchong.shp')
geoshow(layer, edgecolor='blue',size=1.5)
geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
layer = barbsm(u, v, data, colors='blue', size=8)
levs =arange(-32,16,4)
layer = contour(t,levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
clabel(layer)
levs = arange(540,604,4)
layer =contourf(z,levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
#colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')

title(u'(a)4月20日14时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')

caxes(ax2)
f = addfile('G:/xiangguanxing/500.nc')
lon = f['longitude'][:]
lat = f['latitude'][:]
time = f['time'][:]
z = f['z'][2,'15:55:2','55:125:2']
z = z/98
t = f['t'][2,'15:55:3','55:125:3']
t = t-273.15
v = f['v'][2,'15:55','55:120']
v = v[::10,::10]
u = f['u'][2,'15:55','55:120']
u = u[::10,::10]
data =sqrt(u*u+v*v)
axesm(newaxes=False)
layer2 = shaperead('G:\shuju\map\cn_province.shp')
geoshow(layer2,edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
layer = shaperead('G:\shuju\shiji\yunguichuanchong.shp')
geoshow(layer, edgecolor='blue',size=1.5)
geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
layer = barbsm(u, v, data, colors='blue', size=8)
levs =arange(-32,16,4)
layer = contour(t,levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
clabel(layer)
levs = arange(540,604,4)
layer =contourf(z,levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
#colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
title(u'(b)4月20日20时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')

caxes(ax3)
f = addfile('G:/xiangguanxing/500.nc')
lon = f['longitude'][:]
lat = f['latitude'][:]
time = f['time'][:]
z = f['z'][3,'15:55:2','55:125:2']
z = z/98
t = f['t'][3,'15:55:3','55:125:3']
t = t-273.15
v = f['v'][3,'15:55','55:120']
v = v[::10,::10]
u = f['u'][3,'15:55','55:120']
u = u[::10,::10]
data =sqrt(u*u+v*v)
axesm(newaxes=False)
layer2 = shaperead('G:\shuju\map\cn_province.shp')
geoshow(layer2,edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
layer = shaperead('G:\shuju\shiji\yunguichuanchong.shp')
geoshow(layer, edgecolor='blue',size=1.5)
geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
layer = barbsm(u, v, data, colors='blue', size=8)
levs =arange(-32,16,4)
layer = contour(t,levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
clabel(layer)
levs = arange(540,604,4)
layer =contourf(z,levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
#colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
title(u'(c)4月21日08时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')

caxes(ax4)
f = addfile('G:/xiangguanxing/500.nc')
lon = f['longitude'][:]
lat = f['latitude'][:]
time = f['time'][:]
z = f['z'][5,'15:55:2','55:125:2']
z = z/98
t = f['t'][5,'15:55:3','55:125:3']
t = t-273.15
v = f['v'][5,'15:55','55:120']
v = v[::10,::10]
u = f['u'][5,'15:55','55:120']
u = u[::10,::10]
data =sqrt(u*u+v*v)
axesm(newaxes=False)
layer2 = shaperead('G:\shuju\map\cn_province.shp')
geoshow(layer2,edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
layer = shaperead('G:\shuju\shiji\yunguichuanchong.shp')
geoshow(layer, edgecolor='blue',size=1.5)
geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
layer = barbsm(u, v, data, colors='blue', size=8)
levs =arange(-32,16,4)
layer = contour(t,levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
clabel(layer)
levs = arange(540,604,4)
layer =contourf(z,levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
#colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
title(u'(d)4月21日20时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')

axes(position=[0.17,0.08,0.67,0.06], newaxes=True, axis=False)
colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman',ticks=arange(540,604,4))
#savefig(u'G:/环流形势/20-21.jpg',dpi=500)

mrak颖

老师这是我的NC文件

MeteoInfo

mrak颖 发表于 2022-4-15 23:04
老师这是我的NC文件

参考这个脚本：

1. f = addfile('D:/Temp/nc/500.nc')
   
2. lon = f['longitude'][:]
   
3. lat = f['latitude'][:]
   
4. t_index = [1,2,3,5]
   
5. z = f['z'][t_index,'15:55:2','55:125:2']
   
6. z = z/98
   
7. t = f['t'][t_index,'15:55:3','55:125:3']
   
8. t = t-273.15
   
9. v = f['v'][t_index,'15:55','55:120']
   
10. v = v[:,::10,::10]
    
11. u = f['u'][t_index,'15:55','55:120']
    
12. u = u[:,::10,::10]
    
13. data =sqrt(u*u+v*v)
    
14. 
    
15. fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = subplots(2, 2, position=[0.05,0.1,0.9,0.88],
    
16.     axestype='map', sharex=True, sharey=True, wspace=0.05, hspace=0.01)
    
17. geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
    
18. geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
    
19. layer = barbs(u[0], v[0], data[0], colors='blue', size=8)
    
20. levs =arange(-32,16,4)
    
21. layer = contour(t[0],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
    
22. clabel(layer)
    
23. levs = arange(540,604,4)
    
24. layer =contourf(z[0],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
    
25. #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
    
26. title(u'(a)4月20日14时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')
    
27. 
    
28. caxes(ax2)
    
29. geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
    
30. geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
    
31. layer = barbs(u[1], v[1], data[1], colors='blue', size=8)
    
32. levs =arange(-32,16,4)
    
33. layer = contour(t[1],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
    
34. clabel(layer)
    
35. levs = arange(540,604,4)
    
36. layer =contourf(z[1],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
    
37. #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
    
38. title(u'(b)4月20日20时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')
    
39. 
    
40. caxes(ax3)
    
41. geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
    
42. geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
    
43. layer = barbs(u[2], v[2], data[2], colors='blue', size=8)
    
44. levs =arange(-32,16,4)
    
45. layer = contour(t[2],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
    
46. clabel(layer)
    
47. levs = arange(540,604,4)
    
48. layer =contourf(z[2],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
    
49. #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
    
50. title(u'(c)4月21日08时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')
    
51. 
    
52. caxes(ax4)
    
53. geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)
    
54. geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')
    
55. layer = barbs(u[3], v[3], data[3], colors='blue', size=8)
    
56. levs =arange(-32,16,4)
    
57. layer = contour(t[3],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)
    
58. clabel(layer)
    
59. levs = arange(540,604,4)
    
60. layer =contourf(z[3],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)
    
61. #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')
    
62. title(u'(d)4月21日20时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')
    
63. 
    
64. axes(position=[0.17,0.11,0.67,0.06], axis=False)
    
65. colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman',ticks=arange(540,604,4))
    
66. #savefig(u'G:/环流形势/20-21.jpg',dpi=500)

f = addfile('D:/Temp/nc/500.nc')<br /> lon = f['longitude'][:]<br /> lat = f['latitude'][:]<br /> t_index = [1,2,3,5]<br /> z = f['z'][t_index,'15:55:2','55:125:2']<br /> z = z/98<br /> t = f['t'][t_index,'15:55:3','55:125:3']<br /> t = t-273.15<br /> v = f['v'][t_index,'15:55','55:120']<br /> v = v[:,::10,::10]<br /> u = f['u'][t_index,'15:55','55:120']<br /> u = u[:,::10,::10]<br /> data =sqrt(u*u+v*v)<br /> <br /> fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = subplots(2, 2, position=[0.05,0.1,0.9,0.88], <br />     axestype='map', sharex=True, sharey=True, wspace=0.05, hspace=0.01)<br /> geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)<br /> geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')<br /> layer = barbs(u[0], v[0], data[0], colors='blue', size=8)<br /> levs =arange(-32,16,4)<br /> layer = contour(t[0],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)<br /> clabel(layer)<br /> levs = arange(540,604,4)<br /> layer =contourf(z[0],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)<br /> #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')<br /> title(u'(a)4月20日14时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')<br /> <br /> caxes(ax2)<br /> geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)<br /> geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')<br /> layer = barbs(u[1], v[1], data[1], colors='blue', size=8)<br /> levs =arange(-32,16,4)<br /> layer = contour(t[1],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)<br /> clabel(layer)<br /> levs = arange(540,604,4)<br /> layer =contourf(z[1],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)<br /> #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')<br /> title(u'(b)4月20日20时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')<br /> <br /> caxes(ax3)<br /> geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)<br /> geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')<br /> layer = barbs(u[2], v[2], data[2], colors='blue', size=8)<br /> levs =arange(-32,16,4)<br /> layer = contour(t[2],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)<br /> clabel(layer)<br /> levs = arange(540,604,4)<br /> layer =contourf(z[2],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)<br /> #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')<br /> title(u'(c)4月21日08时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')<br /> <br /> caxes(ax4)<br /> geoshow('cn_province',edgecolor='black',size=1.2)<br /> geoshow(28.5, 101.7, size=8, color='g', marker='c')<br /> layer = barbs(u[3], v[3], data[3], colors='blue', size=8)<br /> levs =arange(-32,16,4)<br /> layer = contour(t[3],levs,colors='red', size= 1.5)<br /> clabel(layer)<br /> levs = arange(540,604,4)<br /> layer =contourf(z[3],levs,cmap='BlueYellowRed',size= 2)<br /> #colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman')<br /> title(u'(d)4月21日20时',fontsize=20,bold=False,color='black',fontname = u'黑体')<br /> <br /> axes(position=[0.17,0.11,0.67,0.06], axis=False)<br /> colorbar(layer,orientation='horizontal',label='gpm(500hPa)',extendrect=False,extendfrac='auto',fontsize=13,aspect = 30,fontname='Times New Roman',ticks=arange(540,604,4))<br /> #savefig(u'G:/环流形势/20-21.jpg',dpi=500)