MeteoInfoLab脚本示例：读取BUFR数据

MeteoInfo

BUFR是WMO规定的一种表格码驱动数据格式，是针对站点观测数据存储的，GRIB数据格式是针对格点数据的。BUFR格式过于灵活，而且有数据重复机制，如果没有约定的话很难自动解析出特定的信息。netCDF Java库可以读取BUFR格式，但读出来是Sequence数组ArraySequence，里面的数据可能“多层嵌套”。addfile函数打开数据时要加上keepopen=True参数，数据读完后用关闭文件。obs变量的get_members方法可以获取变量所有的Members，member_array函数可以获取某个Member的数值，如果Member是Squence，还需要进一步获取其内部member的数据。

>>> v.get_members()
[SATELLITE_IDENTIFIER, IDENTIFICATION_OF_ORIGINATING_GENERATING_CENTRE, SATELLITE_CLASSIFICATION, SEGMENT_SIZE_AT_NADIR_IN_X-DIRECTION, SEGMENT_SIZE_AT_NADIR_IN_Y-DIRECTION, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, ROW_NUMBER, COLUMN_NUMBER, LATITUDE_(HIGH_ACCURACY), LONGITUDE_(HIGH_ACCURACY), CLOUD_AMOUNT_IN_SEGMENT, AMOUNT_OF_LOW_CLOUDS, NUMBER_OF_OBSERVATIONS, struct1, AMOUNT_OF_MIDDLE_CLOUDS, NUMBER_OF_OBSERVATIONS-2, struct2, AMOUNT_OF_HIGH_CLOUDS, NUMBER_OF_OBSERVATIONS-3, struct3, DATA_PRESENT_INDICATOR, IDENTIFICATION_OF_ORIGINATING_GENERATING_CENTRE-2, GENERATING_APPLICATION, OBSERVATION_QUALITY]

Unidata网站可以下载toolsUI软件来打开数据看里面的具体信息和一些常用的表格。

示例脚本：

1. fn = 'D:/Temp/bufr/MSG3-SEVI-MSGCLAP-0000-0000-20150101004500.000000000Z-20150101005935-1187380.bfr'
   
2. f = addfile(fn, keepopen=True)
   
3. v = f['obs']
   
4. lon = v.member_array('LONGITUDE_(HIGH_ACCURACY)')
   
5. lat = v.member_array('LATITUDE_(HIGH_ACCURACY)')
   
6. lon = (lon - 1.8E7) * 1.E-5
   
7. lat = (lat - 9.E6) * 1.E-5
   
8. struct1 = v.member_array('struct1')
   
9. temp = struct1.member_array('TEMPERATURE_AIR_TEMPERATURE')
   
10. temp = temp * 0.1
    
11. temp = temp[:,0]
    
12. f.close()
    
13. 
    
14. #Plot
    
15. axesm()
    
16. geoshow('country')
    
17. layer = scatterm(lon, lat, temp, 20, size=4, edge=False, zorder=0)
    
18. colorbar(layer)
    
19. title('Bufr data example')

fn = 'D:/Temp/bufr/MSG3-SEVI-MSGCLAP-0000-0000-20150101004500.000000000Z-20150101005935-1187380.bfr'<br /> f = addfile(fn, keepopen=True)<br /> v = f['obs']<br /> lon = v.member_array('LONGITUDE_(HIGH_ACCURACY)')<br /> lat = v.member_array('LATITUDE_(HIGH_ACCURACY)')<br /> lon = (lon - 1.8E7) * 1.E-5<br /> lat = (lat - 9.E6) * 1.E-5<br /> struct1 = v.member_array('struct1')<br /> temp = struct1.member_array('TEMPERATURE_AIR_TEMPERATURE')<br /> temp = temp * 0.1<br /> temp = temp[:,0]<br /> f.close()<br /> <br /> #Plot<br /> axesm()<br /> geoshow('country')<br /> layer = scatterm(lon, lat, temp, 20, size=4, edge=False, zorder=0)<br /> colorbar(layer)<br /> title('Bufr data example')

MeteoInfo 2.1.2版本以后增加了中国气象局的Bufr表格，可以读取中国气象局的Bufr文件。下面是一个例子：

1. fn = r'D:\Temp\bufr\bufr_data\Z_SURF_I_57377_20200225000000_O_AWS_FTM.BIN'
   
2. f = addfile(fn, keepopen=True)
   
3. obs = f['obs']
   
4. lon = obs.member_array('Longitude_high_accuracy')
   
5. lat = obs.member_array('Latitude_high_accuracy')
   
6. lon = (lon - 1.8E7) * 1.E-5
   
7. lat = (lat - 9.E6) * 1.E-5
   
8. alt = obs.member_array('Height_of_station_ground_above_mean_sea_level')
   
9. alt = (alt - 4000) * 1.E-1
   
10. st_name = obs.member_array('Station_or_site_name')
    
11. st_id = obs.member_array('WMO_station_number')
    
12. year = obs.member_array('Year')
    
13. month = obs.member_array('Month')
    
14. day = obs.member_array('Day')
    
15. hour = obs.member_array('Hour')
    
16. seq1 = obs.member_array('seq1')
    
17. pres = seq1.member_array('Pressure') * 1e1
    
18. seq2 = obs.member_array('seq2')
    
19. temp = seq2.member_array('Temperature-air_temperature') * 1e-1
    
20. print('Pressure: {}; Temperature: {}'.format(pres, temp))
    
21. 
    
22. f.close()

fn = r'D:\Temp\bufr\bufr_data\Z_SURF_I_57377_20200225000000_O_AWS_FTM.BIN'<br /> f = addfile(fn, keepopen=True)<br /> obs = f['obs']<br /> lon = obs.member_array('Longitude_high_accuracy')<br /> lat = obs.member_array('Latitude_high_accuracy')<br /> lon = (lon - 1.8E7) * 1.E-5<br /> lat = (lat - 9.E6) * 1.E-5<br /> alt = obs.member_array('Height_of_station_ground_above_mean_sea_level')<br /> alt = (alt - 4000) * 1.E-1<br /> st_name = obs.member_array('Station_or_site_name')<br /> st_id = obs.member_array('WMO_station_number')<br /> year = obs.member_array('Year')<br /> month = obs.member_array('Month')<br /> day = obs.member_array('Day')<br /> hour = obs.member_array('Hour')<br /> seq1 = obs.member_array('seq1')<br /> pres = seq1.member_array('Pressure') * 1e1<br /> seq2 = obs.member_array('seq2')<br /> temp = seq2.member_array('Temperature-air_temperature') * 1e-1<br /> print('Pressure: {}; Temperature: {}'.format(pres, temp))<br /> <br /> f.close()

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weinihou

niubility！

MrrChenqili

请高手这个运行在什么环境下

MeteoInfo

MrrChenqili 发表于 2017-7-21 16:29
请高手这个运行在什么环境下

MeteoInfoLab

磨人的小妖精儿

File "C:\Users\Ice\Desktop\MeteoInfo\pylib\mipylib\dataset\midata.py", line 91, in addfile
    fname, isweb = __getfilename(fname)
  File "C:\Users\Ice\Desktop\MeteoInfo\pylib\mipylib\dataset\midata.py", line 47, in __getfilename
    if os.path.exists(fname):
  File "C:\Users\Ice\Desktop\MeteoInfo\lib\jython-standalone-2.7.1.jar\Lib\genericpath.py", line 18, in exists我运行后报错

MeteoInfo

磨人的小妖精儿 发表于 2017-10-25 22:44
File "C:%users\Ice\Desktop\MeteoInfo\pylib\mipylib\dataset\midata.py", line 91, in addfile
    fna ...

是不是文件路径写得不对，仔细看1楼的脚本。

Jackluo

谢谢楼主分享~

磨人的小妖精儿

王老师好，struct1 = data.getArray('struct1')这句报错，没有这个语句，Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<iostream>", line 15, in <module>
        at ucar.ma2.StructureData.getArray(StructureData.java:160)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: illegal member name =struct1

MeteoInfo

磨人的小妖精儿 发表于 2017-11-25 11:59
王老师好，struct1 = data.getArray('struct1')这句报错，没有这个语句，Traceback (most recent call last ...

data里面没有'struct1'这个成员名，你可以先运行前面的代码，然后在Console里输入 data ，回车，看看data 里面有什么成员。burf格式很灵活，不可能一套代码包打天下，需要根据文件的内容调整。